Oil burner



J. C. QUlNN July e; 1926.

OIL BURNER Filed 061,. 11. 1923 2 shams-sheet 1 5 mum/woz,

July "6 19265. 1,591,100'

y J. C. QUINN on.. Bumm-:R

Filed Oct. 11, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lI 44 k. -f

@Mmmm named Jui'y 6,1926.l

JOHN UNITED STATES rzil'rrnr'r oFFics.

C. QUINN, F PORT RICHMOND, NEW YORK,

AssrGNon "ro eUINN on. BUnNn conronh'rlomor Naw Yoan, N. Y., A conronA'rIoN 'or Nnw Yonx., l

011. suma.

Anuman mea comer 11, ma.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements 'in 'hydo-carbon burners adapted to burn in stoves,.furnaces, etc., the coarser grades'of crude oil,-and is an improvement on the invention for which I made application for Letters-Patent on the 7thv day of November,

' A a 'tubular air.y intake member,

reference The presentl invention consists incertain novel features of construction and arrange-d ou t in case, w

ractice since the filing of the above ich will be readily understoodby to the description of the drawings and to' the appended claims.

One ofthe objects of my invention is to avoid the use of a solid metal spreader or baille plate-and he reason for this is that such a bailie plate always gbecomes covered with soot which by its presence tends to poor combustion and eventually to more or less imperfect action in the operative process of producing gas from oil. Because of the peuliar construction. of' my device' with an additional air supply introduced through a strong A' draft is created which 'impinges against Aspreader is the `upward flow of the mixture' extcrior thereto,` whereupon the flame is spread in an almost horizontal plane as by a baille plate, yet entirely without the use of one. {In this manner the impedance 'of the gas, against such plate is' entirely avoided and the creation of -soot thereby,`

suchI as occurs in the use of Vthe usual entirely obviated.

'Another objectof my invention is the. provision of-a vaporizin plate so located and positioned that it wi l vact in the man-A ner of aclosed retort, although it is really not one, for itis not in any manner fasten- Yed Ato the base plate but simplylrests lightly thereon, and is in nov way resistant to the of theI gases action of explosive i 'forces should Athey become improperly ignited. a A further object V f my invention is to' provide a hydro-carbon vburner `which produ'ces aggas similar to producer gas, that is to say, a gas mixed with an insuilicient 4amount of air to produce combustion whatever may be the adjustment of the burner, the `mixture as it ascends, reaches av 1923, Serial-No..

ich have been worked ment of parts, wh

'the invention is not arrangement and organization of the instruall the views o v The numeral 1 refers Ppe sure dlaphragm 4 anda Serial lo.' 687,803. point wherei an additional su ply of air 1s added thereto suicient to ren er the mixture thoroughly combustible. This I accomplish -b pipe w ich rises the' midst of the surroundin inert mixture and discharges into it an ad itional supply at a point somewhat above the surrounding burnerthrough which said supply pilp busti on lmme iately takes place.

tion, a preferred form thereof is shown herewith, this form having'been found to give ,satisfactory and reliable* results, although it is understood that the various instrumentalities of which the invention con'- ssts can be differently. arrangedy and organized. It is to be understood further that limited to the precise means of a tubular air supply' e protrudes, whereupon com- For the purpose of illustrating the inven- I mentalities as herein shown and described,

except as limited by the scope of the appended claims. l

4In'thedrawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view showin the general arrangement of my improve burner set up in a heating furnace with its tanks and connecting pipin as the vsame appears in the cellar of a mo ern house;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view4 of theburner; y L

' Fig.` 3'is a vertical sectional yiew on the line .3-3 of Fig'. 2; Fig. 4 is a4 horizontal staggered sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig.' 2; and

' Fig. 5 is a detail rspective v1ew of the e rest ofthe structure.

cone detached vfrom Corresponding andr like parts to in thev follwing are referred .reference characters.

to 'a furnace or hot water boiler of theusual lor any improve type, which is provided with va smoke stack 2' extending into the chimney of the house.

rovided with-an of the furnace is rmember or The body top 3 having a steam presressure gauge 5. The diaphragm 4 has'a fu crum 6 inv which rests a lever the top of the furnace.

description and indicated the drawings by the same` l 7 L' pivotally lattached at one end to an upright 8 whose base 9 issecured to The lever has sevlessen the flow of oil through pipe 21 from veo can 27 overbalances the ball 26,

features form no eral notches 11 provided thereon upon which is hung an iron weight 12 by means of a strap 13. To the free end 14 of the lever is pivotally secured a bell crank lever15 Whose other end 16 descends towards the bottom of the stove 17 where it'is pivotally secured tothe stem 18` of a valve in thel coupling 19, the purpose of which is to thev suppl-y the small tank 22 to the burnerwhen the steam pressure becomes excessive.'

The supply pipe 21 at a point a little nearer the tank is provided with a second coupling 23 having a valve seat therein. he stern 24 thereof is mediately attached to a balance rod 25 having a weighted ball 26 hanging from one end and a can 27 from the other end into which opens the free end of an overflow supply pipe 28, (see Fig. 2). It will be noticed that when the weight of the oil from the overflow supply pipe into the the valve is oil from the closed, shutting offthe flow of burner is eX- tank 22, and the flame. of the tinguished.

The small supply tank 22 is provided on its under surface with an ordinary globe cut off valve 30 by means of which its supply to the furnace may bevcut oil", and upon its upper surface is rovided with a supply pipe 31 and an over ow pipe 32. The large supply tank 33 is provided with a supply pipe 34,from which the oil'is delivered into the cellar from the outside, and an overow pipe 35 through which the oil exists on the outside of the house. should the tank become oversupplied, and to this pipe 35 is also` connected the oversupply pipey 32 from the sma. tank. Upon the top of the larger 'tank is secured any suitable pump mechanism 36 for pumping the oil into the supply pipe 31 of t e smaller tank-22, but as these part of my invention, they will not be further described.

Centrally located upon the 'gratebars 40 of rthe furnace by means of headed bolts 41v and nuts 42, is my improved burner, the same consisting of a base plate having cast integrally therewith on its exterior edge,l an "upper cylindrical wall 43 having at equidistant intervals several supporting bars 44. Each of the supporting bars is cut away onv its upper exterior-wall, as at 45, and at the base of suchl supporting bars the metal flares outwardly into the flanged plates 46 which are perforated for the reception ofthe binding posts 47 which hold together the body of my structure and the right angled annular flange 48 which isprovided with apertures 49 for the reception of said posts. Said flange on its interior is provided with a shoulder'l upon which latter the cone 52" is adapted to seat itself, al support from the rtop b of the supporting ars receiving addition;

-. arise. The upper side o Cast integrally with the base vplate is a tubular member 53 which extends up through thev center of. the cone to a. point somewhat beyond said cone' and other portions of the detachable cap 54 which more fully described. f

The floor of the base plate 55, as more clearly seen in Fig. 4, is provided with an inner annulaigroove 56, an outer annular groove 56', an annular ridge 57, and ata point 57 meansof which .56 may enter into the interior groove/56. As oil, like any other liquid, seeks its own level, the arrangement of the grooves enables myimproved burner levelled and positioned in the furnace, and

device and is provided with a,

will be hereinafterl to be properly v with a depressed oil passage 58 by 1 the oil in the exterior groove gives also an even d stributlon of'oil inthe tion with my vaporizing plate or retort 60, f

which consists of an annular vided with apcentral opening 63 which enables it to be fitted over the tubular air inlet member 53.- It'is further provided on its lower peripheral edge with a downwardly extending ridge64. It ito be noted that the outerase, or that part between groove 56 of' the plate 62 prothe lower portion of the cylindrical wall and the ridge 57 -in the base is to be filled with cement and the vaporizing plate positioned in placeand pressed down upon the ridge so that its downward ridge may become indented in the cementvwhile wet, whereupon the vaporizing plate is 4removed and the cement allowed to dry out and harden in place with said indent therein, after which the vaporzing plate is vagain placed in posi'- tion. This cement plug or block at the far end prevents the gas from escaping at that point and directs the hot p oint Vtothe base of the`tubular member, thereby greatly aug-A menting its draft.

In the arrangement mentioned lies a very important feature of my invention for by this'construction we have oil in the groove 56 between the tubular air inlet member and the ridge 57 in the base, and the base is thus practically a retort. Onl the other hand, the vaporizing. plate and base do not consti tute a retort because said vaporizing -plate is loosely mounted and unattached at any point to the base, and is thus `non-resistant 'tbany Vexplosive force of ases which may the vaporizing lao with` a holding lug 61, by means of which the plate may be ing .per up turned orI lifted. l Reference is now made to Figure 5, show-- the cone detached, and to Figure 3, showing the cone resting in its proper position upon the interiorlyextending flange or seat51 and the upper ends of thesupporting bars 44.-

The body of the cone is indicatedV by the numeral 6 5. It i's of circular formation, gradually flaring as it ascends, and decreasing as it descends until its loweredge is within the upper cylindrical wall 4:3, while its flaring upper edge is of a size to it loosely within the interior periphery of the circular right angled flange 48. The upsurface of the cone is provided on its per edge with a turning lug 67 by lmeans of which the same may be turned or lifted. The under surfacerof the cone 65 is providedwith a series of three inclined edges 67', the lower edge of each of which is formed into a double cam, the first' of which ends in an abrupt notch 71 and the latter of which similarly terminates in another abru t notch 72. Each of the three cams is of l' e construction and size, and by means of the turning flange 67, the cone can be turned in a gradually ascendingv or descending circlefrom'the point 73't0 7 4 and again from point 74 to the still higher point 7 2, enabling the operator tof'gradually vary the slze of the opening between thev vaporizing plate and the lower,y edge of the cone, thus lessenor increasing the" draft. From the above it will be -se'en that-the regulation of 'the cone isj'suchas to permit of a wide en` trance for the air between these' points, -m which event the clearancebeing much, the draftgwill be small. On' the 'other hand, if

- the regulation is such as to bring about a .stack-draft in the chimney,

v special rather small clearance, then the draft is strong, and through the concentration of the effect of a the use of 4any mechanism for that purpose..

. My devicehas no baille plate, but upon the top of the .tubular member, I place -a cap 54, the 'same consisting of a'small solid y its upper side a Oldlng 01' lifting plug 76, and the lower blower is achieved without part of the plate 'graduallydescending into a point 77. Depending from` its lower periphery are three legs, as indicatedat 78. The lower inner edge of the legs are somewhat attentuated, asa-t 79, sd as to fit within the interior of'the tubular member, perl mitting the notched edges 8.0.. to sit squarely upon the. top of the'member, thusleaving a circular air space of less than one-half inch" in heighttubular'member-except,` where the legs rest on thetop of said member.

In Figure'l the burner vis shown' mounted and the remaining area of pressed channel 58 goes immediately shcc'eeded by perfect comb and volatilizlng heated and mixed withthe gas and the effect through all around the top ofthe upon the grate bars of afurnace.- The-j burner `is set in the centerof the grate bars such` bars is-covf metal 82, and the burner ered with a sheet is also surrounded by a vertical sheet metal wall 83, as seen in `Figuref. A mixture of concrete 84' is then poured over the sheet metal until itis covered up to the point 85, and the same is allowed to dry. The object of this. is to prevent the entrance of .any air above the grate bars save that which comes up through and around the burner, as i-nd1- cated by the arrows in Fig. 2, and in this way a strong draft is secured through the tubular'air member in the center of the base and also around the exterior and interior sides of the cone and -up through the cone to the top of the burner;

The operation of my device isas follows: The oil being turned on, enters through the fuel supply pipe 21 upon the base of the burner, the groove 56',

inner groove 56 and' through opening through and through the dedirectly into the the 'circular which the tubular member rises, and to the upper surface thereof of the vaporizing plate.` A lighted rag covered with oil is then thrown upon the plate and for the space of a minute there is considerable smoke arising from; the imperfect combustion dueto thev cold conditionl of the furnace. This, however,l is

tion'and the entire absence of smoke, the vaporizing plate rapidly becoming heated the oil into'` gas. .The amount of oxygen pplied to the gas ariss not, however, s uiing isv to make a mixture somewhat similar to producer gasin burn, since the quantity of air supplied 1s insuiiicient to produce ,complete com usti This is the case either when the cone is .adjusted toits highest or'lowest level and notwithstanding the mixture-may. have ascended within the cone up jacent to the outlet of the tubularl cone'. At this point, however, the tubular with, and by means of the cap 54, the draft coming up member 1s ydiverted practically in a' lon 1- tudinal plane into .the 'mixture without. t e

tubular member. already referred to'and the Y' needed to pro-- additional amount of oxygen duce perfect combustion is afforded and takes place. A

In this connection it may be stated that the ordinary baille plate or metal spreader heretoforeused has been found undesirable and has always interfered with thepe'rfec't 1t Wi/11.116013# working of'an oil burner.

the air coming up' member unites there' through the center of the tubular that said mixture will not T served, however, that' I have no baille plate,

,injected into said the current of air rising through the tubular 'member and spreading outby reason 'of-the cap so as`to unite with the exterior mixture forms its own baflie'. plate as it is mixture and produces combustion without any impedance of gas by such a plate.- instant case, the air goes up in a vertical plane through Vther tubularmember and passes out therefrom in a practically -lon- 'gitudinal plane without any impedance ot' a plate, such as a ballleplate, simply by the force of the air rushing through the tubular `member .at 'which moment perfect combustion takes place without the use ofa plate.

Y ditional supply of airand 0 vaporizing plate that While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment' of'my invention, I wish it to bc understood that I do-not confine myself to the precise details of construction herein set forth, by way of illustration,

as ltis apparent that many changes and variations mayl be made therein, by those skilled inthe art, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, scope of the appended claims. I claim l. In a'device of the characterdescribed,

the combination with a` baseplate', a vertical cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, and. a loosely mounted vaporizing plate adapted to lrest upon the base plate, of a cone, means base plate, openings fortheadmission of `airbetween the cylindrical wall and the `cone, and separate means to furnish an adftoso commingle gas arising from the 'the flame will spread it WithI the -alr and outwardly.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, a 'vertical cylindrical wall upon itsgupper surface, supporting standards rising above the cylindrical wall, and a loosely mounted vaporizing plate adapted to rest uponthe.

' cone,

the .combination with base plate, of a cone adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom, openings for the admission of airbetween the cylindrical wall and the and separate means adapted to furan additional supply of air and to gasarising the flame ni'sh from the vaporizing plate that 'will spread outwardly in substantially a,

horizontal flame.

3. In a device of the character described,

` Va base plate, a vertical cylindrical wall upon its upper surface,'f\supporting standards rising above .the cylindrical wall, andk va loosely mounted lvaporizi'ng plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, of acone adapted to rest upon the supporting Vstandards .and to dependit with the air and gas In other words, Ain the the combination A vaporizing Aor exceeding thev to support the same above the.

.the base plate,

'to rest upon the base plate, to support the'same abovethe base plate,

the combination withl a base plate, Q

therefrom, openings for the admission of air between the cylindrical wall and the cone, and separate means to furnish an additional supply of air and adapted to so commingle that the flame will spread outwardly.

4. In a device of the character described,

with a base plate, a vertical'cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, supporting standards rising above the cylindrical wall, and a loosely mounted plate adapted to rest 'upon the basel plate, of-a cone adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom, openings for the admission of air between the cylindrical wall and the cone, and `separate means to furnish an additional supply of air and adapted to so commingle it with the air and gas that thcv 'lame will spread outwardly over the cone in `substantially a horizontal plane.

5. Ina device of the character described, the combination' with a base plate, a vertical cylindricalwall upon itsupper sur-face, a` loosely mounted vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate. ofa cone, means to support the same above. the base, openings for the admission -drical wall and the cone, a separate tubular air supplyamember to furnish an additional supply of air and to so commingle it with the a1r and gas vaporizingJ plate that the iamewill spread outwardly.

6. LIn a devicev of the character described, the combination with ak base plate, a vertical 4cylindrical wall upon its-upper surf face, and av loosely mounted vaporizing '-a cone, means to support the same above openings for the admission of air between the cylindrical walland the cone, a separate tubular air supply member to furnish an additional supply of air, and `i -an air spreader above the same to so com- Inlngle the additional supply of air with the a1r and gas mixture arising from the vaporizing plate that the ame Willspread out wardly.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, a vertical cylindrical wallupon its upper surface, and a .loosely mounted vaporizing plate adapted of a cone, means openings -for the admission of air between the` cylindrical wall and the cone, a separate tubular airsupply member cast integrally with the base plate to furnish an additional supplyofair and to so commingle it with the air and gas mixture arising from the vaporizingplate that -the liame will'spread outwardly. g

' 8. In a device of the character described,

uu l

of air between the cylinmixture arising from thev plate adapted to rest upon the base plate,- of Y a loosely mounte wall and the cone,

cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, andl vaporizing' plate whoseY lower edge is provided with a depending ridge and a detent inthe base' into which the same fits, of a cone, means to support the same above the base plate, the admission of airbetween the cylindrical and a separate tubular air supply member to furnish an additional supply of. airand to so commingle it'with the air and gas mixture arising from the vaporizing plate that the iame will spread outwardly.

9. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, a vertical cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, and

' a loosely mounted vaporizing plateadapted surface', an

to rest upon the base plate, -to support'. the same above the base.v plate, openin s for the admission of air between the cylindrical wall vand the cone, and a sep.-

arate tubular air vsupply member to furnish` an additional supply1 of air and to so .commngle it with the air and'gas mixture arising from'the vaporizing plate that the flame will s read outwardly. i

10. a device of the character described, the combination with a base 'plate, a vertical cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, and a loosely mounted vaporiz'ing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, of, a cone, means to support the same above the base plate, openings 'air between the lcylindrical wall and the cone, and a separate central tubular air supply member to furnish an additional supply of air and to socoinmingle it with the air and gas mixture arising from the vaporiz'ing plate that the flame wull spread outwardly.

11. In a device 'of the character de( scribedfthe combination with .a base plate,

a vertical c lindric'al `Awall upon its upper a loosely mounted vaporizmg plate centrally apertured and whose lower ed e is provided with a dependingridge and a. etent inthe base into which the same lits,

. of a'eone, 'means to support the samegabove the base plate, openin for the admission oi air between the cylindrlcal wall and the cone, anda se arate tubular air supply member to furmsh an additional supply of air and to so commingle it with the air and mixture'. arising from the vaporizing plate that the flame will spread outwardly. '12. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, a` vertical cylindrical wall upon its upper .surface, and a loosely mounted vaporizmg `plate adapted to -rest upon of a cone the base plate, rovided with a Haring u pper edge ower side of which is a epending base plate to support which it may slide, openthe coneand upon of air between the in -for the admission Idrical yall and the c'one,

openings for of a cone, means 4additional supply of for the admission of.

additional supp' divided into two ridges, eter" or height than the and a separate Y additional supp y of air andto so commingle it with the air and .gas mixture arising fromv the vaporizing plate that the flame will spread outwardly.

13. In-a device ofthe character described the combin tion with a'base. plate, a vertical cylindri wall upon its upper surface, and a loosely mounted vaporizing' plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, of a cone provided with a flaring-upper lower side of which is adepending ca divided into two cam like ridges, one of greater diameter or hei ht than the other, means aboveA the base p ateto vsupport the cone and upon which it ma-'y slide, openings for the admission of air between the cyhnf` and a separate drical wall 'and the cone, tubular air supply member tov furnish an air and to so commingle itfwith the air and gas mixture arising from the vaporizing plate that the flame will spread outwardly.

14. In a device ofthe `character' described the combination with a baseplate, a vertica cylindrical wall upon its upper-surface, and a loosely mounted vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, of a cone proiaring edge upon the lowerl side of which is a series of depending cams, means above the base plate to support the cone and upon which it may slide, openings drical wall andl the \.'cone, "and a separate tubular air supply member y of air and to so commingle edge upon t e `for the admission oiairbetween the' cyhnit with the air and gas mixture arising from the vaporizing plateV spread outwardly.

. 15. I n a device of the character described, the -combination with cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, and a loosely mounted vaporizing late adapted to rest upxon thebase plate, o a coneprovided wit a flaring edge upon the lower side of which is a series of depending'cams each that the llame will other, means above thev base plate to support the cone'and upon which `it may slide, o eningsfor the admisf sion of air between t e cylindrical wall and the cone, and a separate` tubular air supply vmember to furnishan additional .supply o air and to so commingle'it with the a1r` and gas mixture arising from the vaporizing plate that the flame will spread outwardly.

16. In a deviceof the character described, the combination with thebase thereof, an

" inlet for oil, a vaporizer upon the base', a

hollow de ending member upper en with a Haring e e, a series of 'cams on the under side of sai -fiar-ing edge,

and means upon which said. membery may slide, means for admitting-a current ofair upon the vaporiz'er.

one-of greater diam.-`

provided on its a base plate,'a,vertical to furnish an .100

'air upon th trally loca-ted air Supply, and

commingle it with the combustion.

. 17. In a device of the character described, the-combination lwith Vthe base thereof, an et for oil, a vaporizer upon the base, a" hollow depending-.member provided vwith a cam, and means upon-Which said member may slide, means for-admitting a current of e vaporizer,

means to so dlspersesaid additional air supply as to airbandgasarising from vtlie'vaporize'r to form ,more perfect 18. In'a-Ldevic'e'of the character inlet forbil, a -vaporizer upon the base, a Wall the base it-may slide, means for admitting a current -of air upon the vaporizer, an additional air 19.*"In a device ofthe character described,

thecombination with the -base thereof, an

inlet for oil, avaporizer upon thebase plate,

ofan additional cen` y described; the combinationvvith the basethereof, an

extending upvvardlyfrom the base, a* hollow depending member above provided with a cam, andmeansgupon which 1,591;ioo

ting a current of air uponthe -vaporizer, an

additional centrally ylocated air-supply, and

. means to so disperse said additional air supply as to commingle it Withthe gas-and air arising from the vaporizer to form more perfect combustion.

20. In a deviceof the character described, Athe combination with the base'thereof, an inlet for oil, a vaporizer upon the base,fa Wall extending dupwardly from the base plate, a hollow depending member above the base provided with a cam, an open space `above Lthe top of the Wall, and ah open space betweensaid Wall and the side Wall of the depending member, means for admitting a current of air upon the vaporizer, an additional airl supply, and Vmeans tol sodisperse said additional air supplyas to commingle it with the 'gas and air arising kfrom the vaporizer to form more perfect combustion.V

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature.A

JOHN C. QULNN. 

